The presence of autoantibodies to double-stranded DNA is associated with which autoimmune disease?

The presence of autoantibodies to double-stranded DNA is a hallmark feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These autoantibodies are specifically directed against the double-stranded structure of DNA and are closely associated with the disease's pathogenesis. In SLE, these autoantibodies contribute to the formation of immune complexes, which can lead to inflammation and damage in various tissues, particularly affecting the kidneys and skin.

While other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, and multiple sclerosis may also involve autoantibodies, they typically do not demonstrate the same specific association with double-stranded DNA. Instead, these conditions are characterized by different types of autoantibodies, making the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies a strong indicator for a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.